European Cooperative R&D And Firm Performance

The goal of this paper is to assess the impact on the performance of firms that participate in Research Joint Ventures (RJVs) funded by the Fifth European Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (EU-FP5). A special emphasis is made on the User-friendly Information Society (IST) programme, one of the most important thematic programmes of the EU-FP5. We use the funding available to the firms as an instrumental variable to account for self-selection and estimate the Local Average Treatment Effect (LATE) of participation by considering labor productivity and profit margin as performance measures. Our results show a large and positive impact of participation on the labor productivity of the firms, whereas the effect on profit margin is weaker. When taking into account the size of the RJV, we find that the positive impact on labor productivity comes mainly from participation in large projects and that participation in smaller RJVs has a negative effect on the profit margin.

Understanding the Impact of Oil Shocks

This paper provides new empirical evidence on and theoretical support for the close link between oil prices and aggregate macroeconomic performance in the 1970s. Although this link has been well documented in the empirical literature and is further confirmed in this paper, standard economic models are not able to replicate this link when actual oil prices are used to simulate the models. In particular, standard models cannot explain the depth of the recession in 1974-75 and the strong revival in 1976-78 based on the oil price movements in that period. This paper argues that a missing multiplier-accelerator mechanism from standard models may hold the key. This multiplier-accelerator mechanism not only exacerbated the impact of the oil shocks in 1973-74 but also helped create the temporary recovery in 1976-78. This paper derives the missing multiplier-accelerator mechanism from externalities in general equilibrium. Our calibrated model can explain both the recession in 1974-75 and the revival in 1976-78.

Capital Gains

Capital gains play an important, positive role in the inter-temporal allocation of resources, but they can also be a source of economic instability. We analyze a simple overlapping-generations economy with two capital goods and irreversible investment. For each vector of initial capital/labor ratios, there is one and only one trajectory on which expectations are realized at every date. If there is any deviation from this trajectory, then there is a bubble which must burst in finite time.

Understanding the large negative impact of oil shocks

This paper offers a plausible explanation for the close link between oil prices and aggregate macroeconomic performance in the 1970s. Although this link has been well documented in the empirical literature, standard economic models are not able to replicate this link when actual oil prices are used to simulate the models. In particular, standard models cannot explain the depth of the recession in 1974-75 and the strong revival in 1976-78 based on the oil price movements in that period. This paper argues that a missing multiplier-accelerator mechanism from standard models may hold the key.Petroleum industry and trade ; Prices

Foreign Trade and Equilibrium Indeterminacy

We show that dependence of production on foreign inputs (or non-producible natural resources) can significantly increase the likelihood of indeterminacy. Payment of imported foreign factors of production may act as a semi-fixed cost, amplifying production externalities and returns to scale, making self-fulfilling expectations driven busyness cycles easier to arise. This is demonstrated using a standard neoclassical growth model. Calibration exercise shows that the required increasing returns to scale can be reduced by as much as 64% based on estimated share of foreign inputs in production for OECD countries.

Foreign trade and equilibrium indeterminacy

We show that dependence of production on foreign inputs (or non-producible natural resources) can significantly increase the likelihood of indeterminacy. Payment of imported foreign factors of production may act as a semi-fixed cost, amplifying production externalities and returns to scale, making self-fulfilling expectations driven busyness cycles easier to arise. This is demonstrated using a standard neoclassical growth model. Calibration exercise shows that the required increasing returns to scale can be reduced by as much as 64% based on estimated share of foreign inputs in production for OECD countries.International trade ; Prices

Whose impartiality? An experimental study of veiled stakeholders, impartial spectators and ideal observers

This article defines in a precise manner three different mechanisms to achieve impartiality in distributive justice and studies them experimentally. We consider a first-person procedure, the Rawlsian veil of ignorance, and two third-party procedures, the impartial spectator and the ideal observer. As a result, we find striking differences in the chosen outcome distributions by the three methods. Ideal observers that do not have a stake in the allocation problem nor information about their position in society propose significantly more egalitarian distributions than veiled stakeholders or impartial spectators. Risk preferences seem to explain why participants that have a stake in the final allocation propose less egalitarian distributions. Impartial spectators that are informed about their position in society tend to favor stakeholders holding the same position.impartiality, veil of ignorance, impartial spectator, distributive justice

Formação inicial do professor: foco na proposta com gêneros discursivos da esfera midiática

Anais do II Seminário Seminário Estadual PIBID do Paraná: tecendo saberes / organizado por Dulcyene Maria Ribeiro e Catarina Costa Fernandes — Foz do Iguaçu: Unioeste; Unila, 2014Este trabalho se originou das discussões realizadas pelo PIBID de Língua Portuguesa, na Universidade Estadual de Maringá e tem como objetivo principal discutir resultados parciais do desenvolvimento de oficinas de gêneros jornalísticos no nono ano da educação básica, no ano de 2014. O referencial teórico ancorou-se na Análise Dialógica do Discurso (BAKHTIN, 1988, 1992) e em estudos do Interacionismo sociodiscursivo (BRONCKAR, 2003). Dessa maneira, a pesquisa busca tornar as aulas de língua portuguesa mais atrativas e envolventes para os estudantes, visto que as atividades propostas são voltadas para o estudo e a reflexão do uso de cada gênero, como notícia, reportagem, classificados e entrevista. Resultados iniciais apontam que a oficina tem se revelado uma ferramenta significativa para a elaboração dos conteúdos a serem transpostos pelos aluno

A New Form of Path Integral for the Coherent States Representation and its Semiclassical Limit

The overcompleteness of the coherent states basis leads to a multiplicity of representations of Feynman's path integral. These different representations, although equivalent quantum mechanically, lead to different semiclassical limits. Two such semiclassical formulas were derived in \cite{Bar01} for the two corresponding path integral forms suggested by Klauder and Skagerstan in \cite{Klau85}. Each of these formulas involve trajectories governed by a different classical representation of the Hamiltonian operator: the P representation in one case and the Q representation in other. In this paper we construct a third representation of the path integral whose semiclassical limit involves directly the Weyl representation of the Hamiltonian operator, i.e., the classical Hamiltonian itself.Comment: 16 pages, no figure

The role of formal norms from an institutionalist perspective: the case of private enterprise regulation in Portugal (1790-1919)

Regulation, considered in the context of economic phenomena, has been treated by economists and jurists in a chronological context that, at best, recedes into the early twentieth century. This short time span of the study of regulation is due, on the one hand, to the fact that it is understood by many as a historically recent phenomenon and, on the other, to the difficulty that a clear, operational concept of regulation has been used. The starting point of this paper is that the focus on formal and state-sanctioned normativity is fundamental to empirically clarify the scope of the study of the regulation of economic activities over historical time, since institutions (including economic ones) have indisputably also a normative nature. This problem is introduced here with a case study which purports to have more general relevance. This paper is based on a comprehensive and exhaustive empirical research of all the formal economic norms published by the Portuguese state between 1790 and 1919. The purpose is twofold: to present a first normative mapping of this national regulatory system and to demonstrate the relevance of state-issued formal norms as primary sources for the study of economic regulationfrom a historical perspective.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio